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Photos from when I drove across country all the way to Chica..
🕑 Added 2021-10-21 23:29:12 +0000 UTC Photos from when I drove across country all the way to Chicago. 🔥 How are you guys today? Have any fun plans for the weekend? 🥰 🌟 And here’s an essay on Definite Descriptions. I try to write in a way where anyone even without a background in philosophy can come to understand what I write: According to Bertrand Russell, definite descriptions do not function the same way as proper names; instead, definite descriptions act as quantifiers (i.e: words like some, few, all, etc). An example of an indefinite description is “A king of France” which could potentially point out many objects who fall under the common domain of “kings of France” or “A F”; indefinite descriptions do not name particular objects but only refer to concepts. A definite description is an expression that picks out a particular unique object, namely “The present king of France” or “The F”. Because definite descriptions sometimes fail to denote or refer to an object (it sometimes fails to have an instance, for example: nonexistent objects which do not have a referent), therefore, definite descriptions cannot function like a proper name because proper names should designate a particular object who is named; instead, definite descriptions act as existential quantifiers. The statement “the present king of France is bald” is , for Russell, a false statement; I agree with Strawson’s argument that the expression, because it has no valid referent, should be neither true nor false. The present king of France does not exist therefore he cannot be bald or not bald. The question that Russell proposes regarding “The present king of France is bald” is how can a clearly false statement still be a meaningful one? If definite descriptions acted in the same ways as proper names, then this false expression would be devoid of meaning. The solution to this is that it is not necessary for definite descriptions to refer because they are not referential expressions, and so it would not matter if the statement in question was empty. For Russell, “The present king of France is bald” is a propositional function that states, there exists only one unique object which is the present king of France and that same object is bald. The expression “The F is G” contains the quantifying expressions of existence “Ǝ” and uniqueness “Ǝ!x (Fx and Gx)” An expression like the “The F is G” is still meaningful even if it fails to refer because it acts as an existential quantifier. What would happen with the negation of the form “The F is not G”; the truth value of this statement is dependent on whether the negation takes wide or narrow scope; for example, for the expression “The present king of France is bald”, the sentence is true if the negation takes wide scope whereas it affects the whole of the expression, “It is not the case that there is a king of France and that king of France is bald” (secondary occurrence); this is true because at the time of Russell writing this, there was indeed no present king of France. If the negation were to take narrow scape it would only affect the predicate and the expression would be, “The present king of France is not bald” (primary occurrence); this statement would be false because there is no present king of France in the first place, therefore the subject that the property of “baldness” is predicated upon does not exist. Because the expression’s truth content is tied to the scope of its negation, the meaning of existential quantifiers appears to him to be ambiguous.
